Türkiye's Energy Sector Analysis Since 1980 From An Ecological Economics Perspective – Institution, Developmental Policies, Resources, Market, and Labour

Abstract

This research discusses the energy production and ecological sustainability in Türkiye. Türkiye’s energy production per capita has increased since 1980, however, the country is considered ecologically indebted. Carbon emissions have led to environmental pollution, and reducing CO2 emissions has become a priority for achieving economic development sustainably worldwide. The research examines the developments in the energy sector in Türkiye after 1980 through an ecological economics approach. It observes the relationship between energy, development, and nature. First, the study discusses the relationship between the ecological economics approach and the Turkish economy. Then it covers a detailed analysis, where legal and institutional structures, development policies, resources, market design, and labour are evaluated to understand sustainability problems in the sector. Finally, it provides policy recommendations. The literature lacks in evaluating the development of the energy sector in Türkiye from an ecological macroeconomics view, and this research aims to fill that gap.