A Bio-inspired and Deep Learning Based Hybrid Model for Agricultural Drought Assessment

Abstract

Agricultural droughts can cause many serious hazards. Drought monitoring indices, namely Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) have been used for an agricultural drought assessment. Satellite images from the Kolar region of Karnataka are used to calculate these indices. This paper proposes an integration model based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and a bio-inspired algorithm (Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) and Barnacles Mating Optimizer (BMO)) considering the indices as population. Performance is compared with the standalone CNN model in terms of efficiency. For the CNN, the accuracy, time taken for Epoch1, and time taken for Epoch2 is 91%, 16s (3s/step), and 2s (2s/step), respectively. For the CNN integrated with SSA, it is 94%, 3s (3s/step) and 0s (43ms/step), respectively. For the CNN integrated with BMO, it is 94%, 3s (2s/step) and 0s (46ms/step) respectively.