1. Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Prosthodontic Division, University of Khartoum, Faculty of Dentistry, Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
2. Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University of Sharjah, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Sharjah, UAE
3. Department of Computing and Research, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum Teaching Dental Hospital, Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Khartoum, Faculty of Dentistry, Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan