The Status of Maculopathy in Diabetes and Prediabetes Patients in a Population-Based Study Detected by Optical Coherence Tomography: The 2011 Health Examination Survey in Beijing

Abstract

Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and the risk factors of maculopathy detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in a Chinese population with diabetes or prediabetes. Methods. 8,155 people were randomly selected to participate in the 2011 annual Health Examination Survey in Beijing. A 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was tested in 3760 subjects with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 5.6 mmol/L. Of 3,760 subjects, 583 were also randomly selected to take OCT. Results. In this study population, 21 (3.95%) patients had maculopathy. Eight patients had diabetes macular edema (DME) and the prevalence was 6.72% in diabetes patients and 1.51% in all subjects. Eleven patients had age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and the prevalence was 3.36% in diabetes patients and 2.07% in all subjects. Logistic regression model confirmed that elevated HbA1c (p<0.001) and systolic pressure (p<0.05) made significant contributions to DME. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that HbA1c and blood creatinine were significantly independent influence factors for central subfield thickness (CST) (p=0.01, p<0.001). Conclusions. High prevalence of maculopathy was found in patients with diabetes in a Chinese population. Maculopathy poses a significant public health problem in China with rapid rising trend of diabetes.