Social App to Improve Warfarin Therapy in Post-MHVR Chinese Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background. Poor anticoagulation quality was a major problem among warfarin-treated patients, which called for innovative and effective methods to improve it. Objective. To investigate whether social app could be used to reduce warfarin-associated adverse events among post-MHVR Chinese patients. Method. 735 warfarin-treated patients ( $\text{aged}50.8\pm 9.6\text{years}$ , 59.9% female) were enrolled and randomized to a social app care group (warfarin therapy was guided by experienced clinicians via a social app) or a routine care group (warfarin therapy was managed through traditional in-office visits) at a 1 : 1 ratio. Ending points (bleeding and thrombotic events) were recorded during an 18-month follow-up period. Results. A total of 718 patients were included in analysis. 57 of them suffered warfarin-associated adverse events, including 30 major bleedings and 27 thrombotic events. The time in the therapeutic range (TTR, Rosendaal method) in the social app group was 71.5%, which was significantly better than 52.6% in the routine care group (difference: 18.8%, 95% CI: 16.8-20.8). Compared with the patients from the social app group, patients under routine care experienced more bleeding (hazard ratio (HR): 2.31, 95% CI: 1.13-4.72). The social app care group had lower variation (0.55 vs. 0.70) in the international normalized ratio (INR) values and fewer incidents of extremely high INR (e.g., $\text{INR}>5.0$ , 0.87% vs. 3.42%) than the routine care group. Conclusions. Social app management could significantly improve warfarin control and was associated with a reduction in bleeding risk. This trial was registered with NCT03264937.