Human Type I Interferon Antiviral Effects in Respiratory and Reemerging Viral Infections

Author:

Acosta Patricio L.12ORCID,Byrne Alana B.12ORCID,Hijano Diego R.3ORCID,Talarico Laura B.12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laboratorio de Investigaciones Infectológicas y Biología Molecular, Unidad de Infectología, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires (1425), Argentina

2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires (1425), Argentina

3. Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA

Abstract

Type I interferons (IFN-I) are a group of related proteins that help regulate the activity of the immune system and play a key role in host defense against viral infections. Upon infection, the IFN-I are rapidly secreted and induce a wide range of effects that not only act upon innate immune cells but also modulate the adaptive immune system. While IFN-I and many IFN stimulated genes are well-known for their protective antiviral role, recent studies have associated them with potential pathogenic functions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the complex effects of human IFN-I responses in respiratory as well as reemerging flavivirus infections of public health significance and the molecular mechanisms by which viral proteins antagonize the establishment of an antiviral host defense. Antiviral effects and immune modulation of IFN-stimulated genes is discussed in resisting and controlling pathogens. Understanding the mechanisms of these processes will be crucial in determining how viral replication can be effectively controlled and in developing safe and effective vaccines and novel therapeutic strategies.

Funder

Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Immunology,General Medicine,Immunology and Allergy

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