iAMCTD: Improved Adaptive Mobility of Courier Nodes in Threshold-Optimized DBR Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

iAMCTD: Improved Adaptive Mobility of Courier Nodes in Threshold-Optimized DBR Protocol for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks

Published:2014-11-01 Issue:11 Volume:10 Page:213012
ISSN:1550-1477
Container-title:International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks
language:en
Short-container-title:International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

Author:

Javaid N.¹²,Jafri M. R.²,Khan Z. A.³,Qasim U.⁴,Alghamdi T. A.⁵,Ali M.⁶

Affiliation:

1. CAST, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan

2. EE Department, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan

3. Internetworking Program, FE, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3J 4R2

4. University of Alberta, AB, Canada, T6G 2J8

5. CS Department, College of CIS, Umm AlQura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia

6. Institute of Management Sciences, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan

Abstract

We propose forwarding-function ([Formula: see text]) based routing protocol for underwater sensor networks (UWSNs): improved adaptive mobility of courier nodes in threshold-optimized depth-based-routing (iAMCTD). Unlike existing depth-based acoustic protocols, the proposed protocol exploits network density for time-critical applications. In order to tackle flooding, path loss, and propagation latency, we calculate optimal holding time ([Formula: see text]) and use routing metrics: localization-free signal-to-noise ratio (LSNR), signal quality index (SQI), energy cost function (ECF), and depth-dependent function (DDF). Our proposal provides on-demand routing by formulating hard threshold ([Formula: see text]), soft threshold ([Formula: see text]), and prime energy limit ([Formula: see text]). Simulation results verify effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed iAMCTD.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Computer Networks and Communications,General Engineering

Link

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1155/2014/213012

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