A Mathematical Analysis on the New Fractal-Fractional Model of Second-Hand Smokers via the Power Law Type Kernel: Numerical Solutions, Equilibrium Points, and Sensitivity Analysis

Author:

Rezapour S.12ORCID,Etemad S.1ORCID,Sinan M.3,Alzabut J.45ORCID,Vinodkumar A.6ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mathematics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran

2. Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

3. School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China

4. Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia

5. Department of Industrial Engineering, OSTİM Technical University, 06374 Ankara, Turkey

6. Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore 641112, India

Abstract

The second-hand smoke is a phenomenon that needs to be investigated, and its effects on the health of the people are to be examined. To analyze such an issue, the mathematical models are the best tools that help us to study the dynamical behaviors of this phenomenon. For this purpose, in the present paper, we consider a three-compartmental fractal-fractional mathematical model of a specific population of smokers or people that are exposed to second-hand smoke. By assuming some conditions on ϕ - ψ -contractions and compact operators, we prove some theorems in relation to the existence of solutions. The Banach principle for the usual contractions is used for proving the uniqueness of solutions. Next, by some notions of functional analysis, two types of Ulam-Hyers stability for the fractal-fractional second-hand smoker model are established. Moreover, we have a steady-state analysis and obtain equilibrium points and basic reproduction number R 0 . Then, we investigate the sensitivity of the fractal-fractional system with respect to each parameter. For numerical simulation, the Adams-Bashforth (AB) method is used to derive numerical schemes for plotting and simulating the approximate solutions. Finally, the obtained solutions are tested with real data and different values of fractal dimensions and fractional orders.

Funder

Prince Sultan University

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Analysis

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