Applications of Artificial Intelligence Enhanced Drones in Distress Pavement, Pothole Detection, and Healthcare Monitoring with Service Delivery

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has fascinated the present study assigned to multiple areas such as distress detection on the pavement, pothole detection, and healthcare. The distress detection on pavement and roads and delivering healthcare and medical services need to be monitored through state-of-the-art technology, i.e., drone technology. Improvement in construction sites and healthcare delivery are of serious concern. Nowadays, computer vision techniques are commonly used in this area utilizing images and videos of construction sites. Due to confined data, researchers are using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or Drone to get maximum information through 360° monitoring. This review article presents the useful monitoring techniques using AI-enabled drones for scholars around the world. In this comprehensive review, initially, the image acquisition equipment along with the perks and limitations has been presented. Second, the main constraints related to different computer vision techniques are highlighted for detecting distress in the pavement. Then, the possible research solution to some of the distress issues such that detection of pavement texture, cracks or potholes, joint faulting, temperature segregation, and rutting issues are predicted. Finally, the application of AI-enhanced drones in the healthcare field is elucidated which showed their significance. Moreover, in this research, the comparative image analysis of pavement and path hole detection was presented for the collection of detailed information and accurate detection. In the future, the work can also be enhanced to monitor the live pavement distress detection, especially for busy roads and highways. Moreover, an analysis to determine and reduce the costs in the healthcare sectors and organizations is required for future work.