Fabrication, Characterization, and Functionalization of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Conjugated with Tamoxifen and Its Anticancer Potential against Human Breast Cancer Cells

Author:

Oskoueian Arshin1,Amin Matori Khamirul12ORCID,Bayat Saadi34ORCID,Oskoueian Ehsan56ORCID,Ostovan Farhad7ORCID,Toozandehjani Meysam1

Affiliation:

1. Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

3. La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia

4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

5. Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

6. Mashhad Branch, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran

7. Department of Material Science and Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas Branch, Bandar Abbas, Iran

Abstract

In this experiment, we aimed to fabricate SWCNT conjugated with tamoxifen and evaluated its anticancer potential against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). The results showed that SWCNT was synthetized successfully using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The results of Raman spectroscopy, SEM, and TEM analyses confirmed the synthesis of highly pure SWCNT. The functionalization of SWCNT was performed by oxidizing of SWCNT, attachment of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to oxidized SWCNT, and attachment of azelaic acid to the polyethylene glycol group. As a result, the SWCNT with free functional carboxylic acid and hydroxyl groups (SWCNT-PEG) was developed. The SWCNT-PEG was then conjugated with tamoxifen (SWCNT-PEG-TAM). The FT-IR together with NMR results confirmed the conjugation of tamoxifen to functionalized SWCNT (SWCNT-PEG-TAM). The cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) of SWCNT-PEG, tamoxifen, and SWCNT-PEG-TAM were >100, 12.67±2.69, and 5.49±1.34μg/ml, respectively. Linking tamoxifen to functionalized SWCNT enhanced the cytotoxic action of tamoxifen against breast cancer cells up to 2.3 times. The results of the morphological examination and caspase-3 activity confirmed the higher cytotoxic action of SWCNT-PEG-TAM as compared to free tamoxifen. The results obtained in this study indicated that this delivery system enhanced the therapeutic effects and anticancer potential of tamoxifen against human breast cancer cells.

Funder

Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

General Materials Science

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