Unintended Pregnancy and Associated Factors among Women Who Live in Ilu Gelan District, Western Ethiopia, 2021

Abstract

Background. The World Health Organization Report noted that unintended pregnancy is the most common cause of maternal mortality in developing countries. Most unintended pregnancies occur where access to maternal care is limited, and because of this, many mothers lose their life. Therefore, this study was an attempt to assess the proportion of unintended pregnancy and associated factors among women who live in Ilu Gelan District, Western Ethiopia, 2021. Method. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural and urban kebeles of Ilu Gelan Woreda West Shoa Zone, Ethiopia, from March 1 to 30, 2021. The study population consists of 540 pregnant women who were living in Ilu Gelan Woreda for at least the last six months during the data collection period. Simple random sampling by lottery method was used to recruit the study subject. Data were checked, coded, entered to EpiData version 3, and then exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Both descriptive and analytical statistical procedures were utilized. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions was implemented. Result. In this study, the proportion of unintended pregnancy was found to be 55%, at 95% CI: 50.7-59.3. Multivariable logistic regression results showed that married women ( $\text{AOR}=0.117$ , CI: 0.04-0.38), monthly income less than 1000 Ethiopian Birr ( $\text{AOR}=4.93$ , CI: 1.72-14.09), gravidity greater than or equal to five ( $\text{AOR}=6.07$ , CI: 2.4-15.28), birth interval less than 2 years $(\text{AOR}=3.35$ (1.44-7.8)), lack of awareness about contraceptive ( $\text{AOR}=2.06$ (1.03-4.15)), and husband decision-making on health care ( $\text{AOR}=11.1$ (2.07-59.51)) were significantly associated with unintended pregnancy. Conclusion and Recommendation. This study indicated that more than half of pregnant women reported that their current pregnancy was found to be unintended pregnancy. Married women, family monthly income less than 1000 Ethiopian Birr, gravidity greater than or equal to five, birth space less than two years, lack of contraceptive awareness, and health care decisions by husband only showed a significant association with unintended pregnancy. To decrease the current level of unintended pregnancy, all concerned stakeholders should emphatically consider those identified factors for intervention; specifically, Ilu Gelan District Health Bureau and health providers should empower women with health education about family planning and decision-making related to their health issues in the study area.