BIoMT Modular Infrastructure: The Recent Challenges, Issues, and Limitations in Blockchain Hyperledger-Enabled E-Healthcare Application

Abstract

This paper presents a layered hierarchy that depicts the progressive relationship between data, information, knowledge, and wisdom. To begin with, data is gathered and organized into information. Information is gathered, filtered, refined, and put through an investigation process to create knowledge. Wisdom is attained after knowledge discovery through the process of filtration and aggregation through experience. The layered hierarchy in the domain of e-healthcare necessitates higher scheduling costs for data collection, processing wisdom, and management, which is also an insecure and untrustworthy process for progressive medical service. The medical industry faces a difficult problem in providing collected data integrity, information reliability, and knowledge trustworthiness for the service of progressive medical relationships in the face of an increasing number of day-to-day records. The blockchain consortium hyperledger (fabric) has been used in this paper to act as a bridge that bridges the gap between electronic data, information, knowledge, and wisdom (DIKW) movement and processes by enabling the process of the layered hierarchy of schedule information and management and providing security and transparency. For e-healthcare information management and privacy, the DIKW-ledger, such as patients’ consultancy information, availing medical services, personal records, appointments, treatment details, and other health-related transactions, a consortium hyperledger fabric-enabled efficient architecture is proposed. This proposed architecture creates two networks: a public network for medical stakeholders to exchange and agree on specific medical activities before being preserved on distributed storage (read-only after record registration) and a private network for complete DIKW process scheduling and management. We designed and created smart contracts for this purpose, as well as use-case diagrams to describe the overall execution process. The proposed architectural solution provides more efficient information integrity, provenance, and storage procedures to immutably preserve the medical ledger in a permissioned hash-encrypted structure.