Loss Minimization of Distribution Systems by Coordinated Operation of Battery and EVs in the Presence of DGs

Abstract

The rapidly increasing demand for electrical power and difficulties in providing the same using traditional power generating sources provide a motivation to integrate distributed generator (DG) in the radial distribution network. In this work, the optimal arrangement of DG using genetic algorithm (GA) is obtained based on fixed penetration level (PL). The state of charge (SoC) value for each hour before placing the battery based on the demand was estimated, then battery will be placed in the optimal location of the fixed capacity. This will help in reducing the power loss and simultaneous improvement of voltage profile of the network. Furthermore, electric vehicle (EV) is incorporated in the system. In the presence of $\mathrm{E}\mathrm{V}$ , the loads are variable due to the charging and discharging of batteries in the EV. The variation of network power losses in the presence of EVs along with DGs and battery have been investigated on standard 33 and 69 bus systems for 2 different topologies and 2 different loading scenarios.