Influence of Layering Pattern, Fibre Architecture, and Alkalization on Physical, Mechanical, and Morphological Behaviour of Banana Fibre Epoxy Composites

Abstract

In the current investigation, the mechanical properties of epoxy composites reinforced with banana pseudostem fibres, specifically focusing on tensile and impact behaviour, are investigated. The manufacturing process employed the meticulous hand-lay-up technique to fabricate six distinct samples. These samples included various combinations of short and woven banana fibres, treated and untreated, as well as a hybrid configuration involving layers of woven and short fibres. A fixed weight ratio of 60% fibres to 40% epoxy matrix was maintained for consistency. To ensure optimal material integrity, a careful application of resin and hardener in a 10 : 1 weight ratio was layered, with each addition of fibre followed by thorough rolling to eliminate any potential bubbles. The density and void fraction of the resulting composites were meticulously assessed to gauge the influence of this layering approach. Additionally, an X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was conducted to ascertain the impact of the chemical treatment on the cellulose content of the fibres. Our findings revealed that the tensile and impact properties were notably superior in the woven fibre composites. In particular, the chemically treated woven banana fibre epoxy composite displayed impressive values of 64.95 MPa for tensile strength and 24.37 KJ/m2 for impact strength. To gain deeper insights into the structure-property relationship, test specimens were analyzed using scanning electron micrographs. Lastly, comparative analysis by mapping the tensile properties from our present work with those from existing studies was carried out.