Prevention of Severe Respiratory Tract Infection and Prognosis in Neurosurgical Patients with Severe Tracheotomy Based on 5E Rehabilitation Nursing Model

Abstract

Background. Continuous nursing based on 5E rehabilitation mode can improve the physiology and psychology of patients to some extent. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of continuous nursing of 5E rehabilitation mode on the prevention and prognosis of severe respiratory tract infection in patients with severe tracheotomy in neurosurgery. Objective. To explore the effect of 5E rehabilitation nursing model on the prevention of severe respiratory tract infection and prognosis in patients with severe tracheotomy in neurosurgery. Methods. The starting and ending time of this study is from February 2019 to July 2021. In this paper, 60 patients with severe tracheotomy were divided into the control group and research group according to random number table method. The former group received routine nursing, and the latter group received rehabilitation nursing model based on 5E. The patients’ satisfaction, oxygenation index, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, partial pressure of oxygen, SAS, SDS score, incidence of severe respiratory tract infection, and quality of life scores were compared. Results. The nursing satisfaction of the research group was higher than that of the control group ( $P<0.05$ ). 24 hours after weaning, the oxygenation index and partial pressure of oxygen in the research group were higher than those in the control group, while the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the research group was lower than that in the control group ( $P<0.05$ ). After nursing, the scores of self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale in the research group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( $P<0.05$ ). The incidence of severe respiratory tract infection in the research group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( $P<0.05$ ). After nursing, the scores of physiological function, psychological function, social function, and health self-cognition in the research group were lower than those in the control group ( $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. The nursing program of neurosurgical patients with severe tracheotomy based on 5E rehabilitation model can effectively enhance patients’ nursing satisfaction, activities of daily living, anxiety, and depression and promote the prognosis.