Effect of Gender on Serum Leptin in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A System Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Objective. To assess the effect of gender factors on serum leptin levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods. To remove any studies that indicated a relationship between leptin-based inflammatory variables and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in particular patient categories, a comprehensive search of all articles published between July 2019 and June 2021 was performed on PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCO Host, including Academic Search Premier, Africa-Wide Information, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature. A summary description of the combined analysis across multiple centers, regions, and continents will help us better understand the effect of gender on serum leptin levels in patients with diabetes. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software on the literature that satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results. Plasma CRP levels in women with type 2 diabetes were found to be no different from those in males with type 2 diabetes, with an OR of 0.12, 95 percent confidence interval (CI) of 0.12 to 0.12, $P=0.01$ . There was no statistically significant difference in the plasma level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) between women with type 2 diabetes and males with type 2 diabetes However, the “inverted funnel” diagram is asymmetrical, indicating a publication bias in the included studies, despite the fact that there was no statistically significant difference in abnormal leptin levels between men with type 2 diabetes and women patients ( $\text{OR}=-0.69$ , 95 percent CI (0.88, 1.00), $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. Gender factors did not affect the level of inflammatory factors and leptin level in type 2 diabetes.