Time to First Sexual Experience and Its Determinants among Female Youths in Ethiopia: Survival Analysis Based on EDHS 2016

Abstract

Background. The first sexual experience is the most significant event in a woman’s life. Early sexual experience has short- and long-term health and behavioral risks. Studying the estimated time for a female to have her first sexual debut is important to reduce its health, demographic, and socioeconomic consequences. Thus, this study is aimed at assessing the time to first sexual experience and its determinants in Ethiopia. Methods. A survival analysis of time to first sexual experience was conducted among 6143 weighted study subjects. The data were extracted from EDHS 2016 using STATA version 16 software. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was computed to estimate the time of first sexual experience. A log-rank test was used to compare the difference in survival curves. The Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to identify significant predictors. On multivariable analysis, variables having a $p$ value of ≤ 0.05 are considered statically significant. Results. The overall median survival time was 16 years. The significant determinants of time to first sexual experience are educational level (no education ( $\text{AHR}=2.72$ , 95% CI: 2.16, 3.39), primary education ( $\text{AHR}=2.17$ , 95% CI: 1.79, 2.63), and secondary education ( $\text{AHR}=1.47$ , 95% CI: 1.21, 1.77)) and wealth index (poor ( $\text{AHR}=1.15$ , 95% CI: 1.00, 1.32)). Conclusion. About 50% of female youths have a sexual experience for the first time before their 16th birthday. The timing of the first sexual experience in Ethiopia was mainly influenced by educational level and wealth index. Universal access to education and poverty reduction should be the area of concern.