Novel Marine Compounds: Anticancer or Genotoxic?

Author:

Arif Jamal M.1,Al-Hazzani Amal A.1,Kunhi Muhammed1,Al-Khodairy Fahad1

Affiliation:

1. Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, PO Box 3354, MBC #03, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

In the past several decades, marine organisms have generously gifted to the pharmaceutical industries numerous naturally bioactive compounds with antiviral, antibacterial, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer potentials. But till date only few anticancer drugs (cytarabine, vidarabine) have been commercially developed from marine compounds while several others are currently in different clinical trials. Majority of these compounds were tested in the tumor xenograft models, however, lack of anticancer potential data in the chemical- and/or oncogene-induced pre-initiation animal carcinogenesis models might have cost some of the marine anticancer compounds an early exit from the clinical trials. This review critically discusses importance of preclinical evaluation, failure of human clinical trials with certain potential anticancer agents, the screening tests used, and choice of biomarkers.

Funder

Research Center Administration

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Genetics,Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine,General Medicine,Biotechnology

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