Application Value Analysis of Seven-Autoantibody Panel in the Lung Cancer Screening in Yunnan

Abstract

Objective. To study the application value of seven-autoantibody (anti-CAGE, anti-GAGE7, anti-GBU4-5, anti-MAGE A1, anti-P53, and anti-PGP9.5, anti-SOX2) in lung cancer (LC) screening in Yunnan. Methods. The clinical data of 329 lung cancer patients and 202 nonlung cancer controls in the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province from November 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The detection results of anti-CAGE, anti-GAGE7, anti-GBU4-5, anti-MAGE A1, anti-P53, anti-PGP9.5, and anti-SOX2 were collected. The receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to analyze the value of these seven-autoantibody in the detection of LC alone and in combination, and the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off values were calculated. Results. The levels of anti-CAGE, anti-GAGE7, anti-GBU4-5, anti-MAGE A1, anti-P53, anti-PGP9.5 and anti-SOX2 in LC patients were significantly higher than those in the controls, and the differences were statistically significant ( $P<0.001$ ). The AUC of anti-CAGE, anti-GAGE7, anti-GBU4-5, anti-MAGE A1, anti-P53, anti-PGP9.5, and anti-SOX2 for the diagnosis of LC were 0.586 (95% CI: 0.537–0.634, $P<0.001$ ), 0.620 (95% CI: 0.572–0.667, $P<0.001$ ), 0.570 (95% CI: 0.521–0.619, $P=0.007$ ), 0.612 (95% CI: 0.563–0.660, $P<0.007$ ) 0.001), 0.561 (95% CI: 0.510–0.611, $P=0.019$ ), 0.667 (95% CI: 0.619–0.715, $P<0.001$ ), 0.587 (95% CI: 0.538–0.636, $P<0.001$ ), respectively. The AUC of combined detection of LC was 0.719 (95% CI: 0.676–0.761, $P<0.001$ ). The positive rate of the combined detection of seven-autoantibody in the LC group was 48.02% (158/329), which was significantly higher than that of the control group (13.86% (28/202)), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 64.183, $P<0.001$ ). Conclusion. The individual detection and combined detection of the seven-autoantibody have a certain value in the diagnosis of LC in Yunnan, and it can provide a certain reference for clinical LC screening.