Blood Pressure Control and Associations with Social Support among Hypertensive Outpatients in a Developing Country

Abstract

Relationships between social support characteristics with blood pressure control and recommended behaviors in Vietnamese hypertensive patients have not been investigated. This study is aimed at examining the role of social support characteristics in hypertension control and behaviors. Patients with hypertension ( $n=220$ ) in Hanoi, Vietnam, were recruited into a cross-sectional study. Both functional and structural characteristics of social support and network were examined. Results showed that increasing total network size was related to 52% higher odds of uncontrolled hypertension ( $\text{adjusted}\text{OR}=1.52$ , $95\%\text{CI}=1.22-1.89$ ). Higher network sizes on the provision of information support related to advice, emotional support related to decisions, and practical support related to sickness were associated with lower odds of uncontrolled hypertension. Every additional 1% of the percentage of network members having hypertension decreased 2% the odds of uncontrolled hypertension ( $\text{adjusted}\text{OR}=0.98$ , $95\%\text{CI}=0.96-1.00$ ). A 1% additional network members who were living in the same household was associated with a decrease of 0.08 point of behavioral adherence score ( $\text{coef}.=-0.08$ ; $95\%\text{CI}=-0.12-0.03$ ). Meanwhile, a 1% increase of network members who were friends on the provision of practical support related to sickness and jobs was related to an increase of 0.10 point and 0.19 point of behavioral adherence score ( $\text{coef}.=0.10$ ; $95\%\text{CI}=0.04-0.17$ and $\text{coef}.=0.19$ ; $95\%\text{CI}=0.06-0.32$ , respectively). The current study suggested that further interventions to improve hypertension management should address the potential effects of social network characteristics.