The Magnitude of Wasting and Associated Factors among Children Aged 2-5 Years in Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background. Malnutrition accounts for almost half of the global under-five child mortality. Worm infections are one of the immediate and commonest causes that affect the nutritional status of children. There is limited data related to the magnitude of wasting and associated factors among children. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the magnitude of wasting and associated factors among children aged 2 to 5 years in the Wonago district of Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia. Methods. Community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. A total of 3324 children aged 2-5 years were included in the study. A pretested semistructured questionnaire was used for data collection, and anthropometric measurements were computed using the World Health Organization Anthro-nutritional software. The multivariate logistic regression analyses with adjusted odds ratio, 95% confidence interval, and $P$ value less than 0.05 were used to identify the factors significantly associated with wasting. Results. A total of 3273 children aged 2-5 years participated with a 98.5% response rate. The magnitude of wasting was 13%. The factors like government-employed fathers [ $\text{AOR}=1.93$ ; 95% CI (1.08, 3.46)], child’s age range between 48 and 59 months [ $\text{AOR}=1.46$ ; 95% CI (1.01, 2.09)], being a male child [ $\text{AOR}=1.42$ ; 95% CI (1.07, 1.88)], having diarrheal disease in the past two weeks [ $\text{AOR}=0.39$ ; 95% CI (0.17, 0.90)], and bathing less than two times per week [ $\text{AOR}=1.42$ ; 95% CI (1.03, 1.96)] were factors significantly associated with wasting. Conclusion. Undernutrition in children is still a problem, and the proportion of wasting was 13%. Government-employed fathers, child’s age range between 48 and 59 months, being a male child, having diarrheal disease in the past two weeks, and bathing below two times per week were significantly associated with children’s nutritional status warranting close attention by policymakers and stakeholders. For researchers, a further longitudinal study is recommended to get strong evidence.