Molecular Docking, Dynamics Simulations, ADMET, and DFT Calculations: Combined In Silico Approach to Screen Natural Inhibitors of 3CL and PL Proteases of SARS-CoV-2

Author:

Mohanasundaram Sugumar1ORCID,Karthikeyan Porkodi2,Sampath Venkatesan2,Anbazhagan M.3,Prabhu Sundramurthy Venkatesa45ORCID,Khaled Jamal M.6,Thiruvengadam Muthu7

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biochemistry and Crop Physiology, SRM College of Agricultural Sciences, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Baburayanpettai, 603201 Maduranthagam Taluk, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India

2. Department of Biochemistry, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College (Autonomous), Enathur, Kanchipuram 631561, Tamil Nadu, India

3. Department of Environmental Science, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India

4. Centre for Food Nanotechnology, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore 641 021, India

5. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Ethiopia

6. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

7. Department of Crop Science, College of Sanghuh Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Considering natural compounds for the antiviral effect is another opportunity for exploring novel drug candidates for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The selected natural compounds were interacted using a molecular docking approach. The 3D structures of the main protease and papain-like protease were used for the virtual screening to detect the potent inhibitor against SARS-CoV-2. The top-scored compounds were further analyzed for absorption, digestion, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity properties and density functional theory analysis. Our results indicated that glycyrrhizin exhibited better docking scores of -9.5 kcal/mol with main protease and -9.7 kcal/mol with papain-like protease. Next to glycyrrhizin, rutin showed a better docking score of -9.1 kcal/mol and -9.2 kcal/mol with 3-chymotrypsin-like and papain-like proteases. Violaxanthin and naringin occupied the subsequent position in the docking score table with 3CL and PL proteases, respectively. In addition, the crucial properties like drug likeliness and pharmacokinetics of the compounds were determined. There is no significant toxicity identified.

Funder

Ministry of Education – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

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