Emerging Vaccine Informatics

Author:

He Yongqun1,Rappuoli Rino2,De Groot Anne S.34,Chen Robert T.5

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, Center for Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA

2. Novartis Vaccines and Diagnostics, 53100 Siena, Italy

3. EpiVax, Inc., Providence, RI 02903, USA

4. Institute for Immunology and Informatics, University of Rhode Island, Providence, RI 02903, USA

5. HIV Vaccine and Special Studies Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC/DHAP/EB), Atlanta, GA 30333, USA

Abstract

Vaccine informatics is an emerging research area that focuses on development and applications of bioinformatics methods that can be used to facilitate every aspect of the preclinical, clinical, and postlicensure vaccine enterprises. Many immunoinformatics algorithms and resources have been developed to predict T- and B-cell immune epitopes for epitope vaccine development and protective immunity analysis. Vaccine protein candidates are predictablein silicofrom genome sequences using reverse vaccinology. Systematic transcriptomics and proteomics gene expression analyses facilitate rational vaccine design and identification of gene responses that are correlates of protectionin vivo. Mathematical simulations have been used to model host-pathogen interactions and improve vaccine production and vaccination protocols. Computational methods have also been used for development of immunization registries or immunization information systems, assessment of vaccine safety and efficacy, and immunization modeling. Computational literature mining and databases effectively process, mine, and store large amounts of vaccine literature and data. Vaccine Ontology (VO) has been initiated to integrate various vaccine data and support automated reasoning.

Funder

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Genetics,Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine,General Medicine,Biotechnology

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