Historical Rainfall and Evapotranspiration Changes over Mpologoma Catchment in Uganda

Author:

Mubialiwo Ambrose12ORCID,Onyutha Charles2ORCID,Abebe Adane13

Affiliation:

1. Africa Center of Excellence for Water Management, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2. Department of Civil and Building Engineering, Kyambogo University, P.O. Box 1, Kyambogo, Kampala, Uganda

3. Department of Water Resources and Irrigation Engineering, Arba Minch University, P.O. Box 21, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

Abstract

Changes in the long-term (1948–2016) rainfall and evapotranspiration over Mpologoma catchment were analysed using gridded (0.25° × 0.25°) Princeton Global Forcing data. Trend and variability were assessed using a nonparametric approach based on the cumulative sum of the difference between exceedance and nonexceedance counts of data. Annual and March-May (MAM) rainfall displayed a positive trend (p<0.05), whereas October-December (OND) and June-September rainfall exhibited negative trends withp>0.05andp<0.05, respectively. Positive subtrends in rainfall occurred in the 1950s and from the mid-2000s till 2016; however, negative subtrends existed between 1960 till around 2005. Seasonal evapotranspiration exhibited a positive trend (p>0.05). For the entire period (1948–2016), there was no negative subtrend in the OND and MAM evapotranspiration. Rainfall and evapotranspiration trends and oscillatory variation in subtrends over multidecadal time scales indicate the need for careful planning of predictive adaptation to the impacts of climate variability on environmental applications which depend on water balance in the Mpologoma catchment. It is recommended that future studies quantify possible contributions of human factors on the variability of rainfall and evapotranspiration. Furthermore, climate change impacts on rainfall and evapotranspiration across the study area should be investigated.

Funder

Addis Ababa University

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Atmospheric Science,Pollution,Geophysics

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