Analysis of Zigzag and Rhombic Benzenoid Systems via Irregularity Indices

Abstract

Topological indices are numerical quantities associated with the molecular graph of a chemical structure. These indices are used to predict various properties of chemical structures. Imbalance-based analysis is an advanced technique used for chemical compounds with irregular characteristics. The molecular graphs of zigzag benzenoid systems $\left(Z_p\right)$ and rhombic benzenoid systems $\left(R_p\right)$ are inherently irregular. Therefore, applying the imbalance technique to these molecular structures plays an important role in predicting different properties. In this paper, we calculate sixteen irregularity indices for both $Z_p$ and $R_p$ systems. By examining these indices, we aim to provide insights into the properties of these structures and ultimately contribute to a deeper understanding of the field.