Gait Improvement in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis after Proximal Fibular Osteotomy

Abstract

Proximal fibula osteotomy (PFO) is a relatively new surgery to treat medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (KOA), which can improve varum deformity and relieve knee joint pain. However, the gait alterations in KOA patients after PFO are still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the gait patterns change in patients of medial compartment KOA after PFO. Gait data were collected for 9 females with unilateral medial compartment KOA before and at 6 months after PFO and also for 9 healthy age-matched females. Paired $t$ -test was used to determine the effect of PFO within the KOA group, and independent $t$ -test were performed to compare between KOA and control groups for spatiotemporal, kinematic, and kinetic variables. The results showed that patients with KOA had significantly increased knee peak flexion angle, knee sagittal range of motion, and peak external hip adduction moment but decreased knee frontal range of motion in the affected limb after PFO. The gait symmetry was improved postoperatively confirmed by single support and swing phases, knee peak flexion angle and sagittal range of motion, peak external hip and knee adduction moments, and peak anterior and peak posterior ground reaction forces. These findings provided evidence of a biomechanical benefit and gait improvement following PFO to treat medial compartment KOA.