Antiplatelet Aggregation, Cardiotonic, Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Calcium Channel Antagonistic Potentials ofNepeta ruderalisBuch

Abstract

The objective of this study was to authenticate the ethnobotanical claims of theNepeta ruderalisBuch.-Ham. (N. ruderalis) extract in the traditional system of medicine. Crude extract was prepared via a simple maceration process. DPPH free radical scavenging and carrageenan-induced rat paw edema models were used to monitor antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses of theN. ruderalisextract. Furthermore, it was tested for antiplatelet aggregation, cardioprotective, and calcium channel antagonistic activities via standard documented protocols. TheN. ruderalisextract exhibited 80.82% antioxidant activity (IC50=207.51±4.36 μg) while the anti-inflammatory response was significant (p<0.05top<0.01) at 50 mg/kg (45.58%) and 100 mg/kg (60.90%) doses. Moreover, it was found to inhibit platelet aggregation (IC50=1.06and 0.91 mg/mL) and, in addition, to increase the force of contraction at the concentration of 3.0-10 mg/mL with a decrease in the heart rate on isolated paired atria (EC50=11.78 mg/mL). Relaxant activity was observed on the isolated rabbit jejunum (EC50=0.96 mg/mL) and trachea (EC50=0.89 mg/mL). However, in a cumulative way, an 80-millimolar potassium-induced contraction was evaluated (EC50=1.31 mg/mL). TheN. ruderalisextract exhibited antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, platelet aggregating, cardiotonic, and calcium channel antagonistic activities, therefore proving scientifically its effectiveness in the traditional system of medicine.