The Most Promising Biomarkers of Allogeneic Kidney Transplant Rejection

Author:

Rogulska Karolina1ORCID,Wojciechowska-Koszko Iwona1ORCID,Dołęgowska Barbara1ORCID,Kwiatkowska Ewa2ORCID,Roszkowska Paulina1ORCID,Kapczuk Patrycja3ORCID,Kosik-Bogacka Danuta4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland

2. Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland

3. Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland

4. Independent Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Botany, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland

Abstract

Clinical transplantology is a constantly evolving field of medicine. Kidney transplantation has become standard clinical practice, and it has a significant impact on reducing mortality and improving the quality of life of patients. Allogenic transplantation induces an immune response, which may lead to the rejection of the transplanted organ. The gold standard for evaluating rejection of the transplanted kidney by the recipient’s organism is a biopsy of this organ. However, due to the high invasiveness of this procedure, alternative diagnostic methods are being sought. Therefore, the biomarkers may play an essential predictive role in transplant rejection. A review of the most promising biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of allogenic kidney transplant rejection summarizes novel data on neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL-10), cystatin C (CysC), osteopontin (OPN), and clusterin (CLU) and analyses the dynamics of changes of the biomarkers mentioned above in kidney diseases and the mechanism of rejection of the transplanted kidney.

Funder

Pomeranian Medical University

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Immunology,General Medicine,Immunology and Allergy

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