Role of Protein Kinase C and Nox2-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species Formation in the Activation and Maturation of Dendritic Cells by Phorbol Ester and Lipopolysaccharide

Author:

Stein Judith1,Steven Sebastian23,Bros Matthias1,Sudowe Stephan1,Hausding Michael23,Oelze Matthias2,Münzel Thomas23,Grabbe Stephan1,Reske-Kunz Angelika1ORCID,Daiber Andreas23ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Dermatology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany

2. Center for Cardiology/Cardiology 1, Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany

3. Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany

Abstract

Aims. Activation/maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) plays a central role in adaptive immune responses by antigen processing and (cross-) activation of T cells. There is ongoing discussion on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in these processes and with the present study we investigated this enigmatic pathway.Methods and Results. DCs were cultured from precursors in the bone marrow of mice (BM-DCs) and analyzed for ROS formation, maturation, and T cell stimulatory capacity upon stimulation with phorbol ester (PDBu) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LPS stimulation of BM-DCs caused maturation with moderate intracellular ROS formation, whereas PDBu treatment resulted in maturation with significant ROS formation. The NADPH oxidase inhibitors apocynin/VAS2870 and genetic gp91phox deletion both decreased the ROS signal in PDBu-stimulated BM-DCs without affecting maturation and T cell stimulatory capacity of BM-DCs. In contrast, the protein kinase C inhibitors chelerythrine/Gö6983 decreased PDBu-stimulated ROS formation in BM-DCs as well as maturation.Conclusion. Obviously Nox2-dependent ROS formation in BM-DCs is not always required for their maturation or T cell stimulatory potential. PDBu/LPS-triggered BM-DC maturation rather relies on phosphorylation cascades. Our results question the role of oxidative stress as an essential “danger signal” for BM-DC activation, although we cannot exclude contribution by other ROS sources.

Funder

Federal Ministry of Education and Research

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Cell Biology,Ageing,General Medicine,Biochemistry

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