Wireless Sensor Network Cluster Head Selection and Short Routing Using Energy Efficient ElectroStatic Discharge Algorithm

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks attract so much attention in current IoT-enabled industrial and domestic applications having either homogeneous or heterogeneous sensors deployed to acquire information of intent. WSNs are designed to operate using self-powered sensor nodes as their choice of application is geographic critical. Such nodes must support energy efficiency so that network longevity becomes high. Cluster head selection plays a crucial stage in a WSN architecture which mainly focuses on the minimization of network energy consumption. It groups sensor nodes in such a way that a sophisticated network cluster is formed to have enhanced life time besides a low power consumption. A popular clustering technique, known as LEACH and its variants, is found to be energy efficient compared to its counterparts. The authors propose a novel fully connected energy efficient clustering (FCEEC) mechanism using the electrostatic discharge algorithm to establish a fully connected network with shortest path routing from sensor nodes (SNs) to cluster head (CH) in a multihop environment. The proposed electrostatic discharge algorithm (ESDA) enhances network life time while attaining energy efficient full connectivity between sensor nodes. As a result of ESD, the dead node count is reduced significantly so that the network longevity is increased. In the end, simulation results exhibited improved performance metrics such as energy efficiency, dead node count, packet delivery, and network latency compared to certain conventional CH selection approach.