Short Shoot Growth and Reproduction Response to Light Conditions Vary with Order Branching in the Proximal Part of C. atlantica Crown

Abstract

This study compared the effects of shading in individual branch orders 2 and 3 on the needle survival, growth, and reproduction of five categories of short shoots of the proximal part of wild Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) G. Manetti ex Carrière). The sun exposure did not affect the number of short shoots in the two branch orders, whereas light compared to shade only stimulates the unbranched short shoot elongation of the branch order 3. The impact of shade exposure compared to sun on the loss of needles depends on the order of branching; it is weak to order 2 and increases to higher order. This effect in the branch order 3 is achieved by a significant decrease of the fallen leaf number in the unbranched short shoot SSnr and the short shoot SS/T worn by Twigs while in the branch order 2 only short shoot SS (nr + r) loses significantly few needles. In terms of short shoot extension and needle loss, the SS/T of the branch order 3 behaves in the same way as the SS (nr + r) of the branch order 2. The shadow compared to sunlit only decreases significantly the production of pollen strobili of the branch order 2. Close relationships between short shoot extension, leaf life span, and pollen strobili production of axillary products in the proximal part of C. atlantica crown were found.