1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 231 New Taipei, Taiwan
2. Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, 970 Hualien, Taiwan
3. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
4. School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan