Effect of Standardized Nutritional Intervention in Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Receiving Radiotherapy Complicated with Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the effect of standardized nutritional intervention in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving radiotherapy complicated with diabetes mellitus and the impact on quality of life. Methods. From January 2019 to December 2020, 100 diabetic patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving radiotherapy were assessed for eligibility and recruited. They were concurrently and randomly assigned (1 : 1) to receive either conventional nursing (control group) or standardized nutritional intervention (observation group). The outcomes include clinical efficacy and quality of life. Results. Standardized nutritional intervention was associated with significantly lower levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPBG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) versus conventional nursing ( $P<0.001$ ). The patients given standardized nutritional intervention showed significantly higher hemoglobin (Hb), prealbumin (PA), and albumin (ALB) levels versus those given conventional nursing at 4 weeks after the start of radiotherapy and at the end of radiotherapy ( $P<0.001$ ). The two groups showed similar Morisky scores before intervention ( $P>0.05$ ). After intervention, the observation group outperformed the control group in terms of treatment compliance ( $P<0.05$ ). Standardized nutritional intervention provided patients with a significantly better quality of life versus conventional nursing ( $P<0.05$ ). Standardized nutritional intervention was associated with a significantly lower incidence of adverse events and higher nursing satisfaction versus conventional nursing ( $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. Standardized nutritional intervention for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma given radiotherapy complicated with diabetes mellitus can efficiently restore the normal nutritional status of patients, reduce the complications of radiotherapy, and improve the quality of life of patients, so it is worthy of wide clinical application.