Six Genes Associated with Lymphatic Metastasis in Colon Adenocarcinoma Linked to Prognostic Value and Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration

Abstract

Objective. The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between lymphatic metastasis genes, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration in patients with colon cancer. Methods. Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database, differentially expressed genes and prognostic genes related to colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) lymphatic metastasis were screened and intersected. We used lasso and univariate Cox regression analysis to screen core genes and establish a preliminary prediction model. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was used for lymphatic metastasis-related genes, and single GSEA was used for the final screening results. Finally, we evaluated the relationship between identified genes and immune cell infiltration. Results. A total of 1727 genes were differentially expressed between COAD patients with TNM stages of N0 and N1. After further screening, six core genes (RNU4-2, ZNF556, RNVU1-15, NSA2P6, RN7SL767P, and RN7SL473P) were obtained, and a preliminary prediction model was established, in which ZNF556 was a risk factor, and the rest were protective factors. Single GSEA showed that pathways such as systemic lupus erythematosus might play an important role in the initial lymphatic metastasis of COAD. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of 1727 genes supported this result. Immune infiltration analysis showed that six genes were significantly correlated with T cell and NK cell families. Conclusion. Six core genes may affect COAD initial lymphatic metastasis through the systemic lupus erythematosus pathway and immune cell infiltration.