B7-H3: A Useful Emerging Diagnostic Marker for Colon Cancer

Abstract

Background. Colon cancer is the second most common malignancy causing the majority of cancer-related deaths. B7-H3 concentrations have drawn major interest as possible diagnostic biomarkers of cancer. The aim of this study was to measure the preoperative serum B7-H3 levels and to determine those that are replaced in colon cancer. Method. We measured preoperative serum B7-H3 concentrations of 90 patients aged 57-69 years diagnosed with colon cancer and 50 age-matched healthy individuals. B7-H3 levels were determined using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Patients were categorized by stage based on the TNM staging system, and the serum levels of B7-H3 were compared between patients with different TNM stages. Result. No statistically significant difference was found between the patient and control groups in terms of age and gender. Preoperative serum B7-H3 levels were statistically significantly higher in patients with colon cancer than in the healthy group ( $p<0.001$ ). Preoperative serum B7-H3 concentration of the stage IV patients was significantly higher than those of the patients with stage I and stage II disease. In addition, higher serum B7-H3 levels were associated with lymph node status and distant metastasis in colon cancer. Conclusion. We showed that B7-H3 is highly expressed in colon cancer and can be used as a candidate diagnostic biomarker and a potential target in colon cancer in future.