Function and Regulation of Protein Kinase D in Oxidative Stress: A Tale of Isoforms

Author:

Cobbaut Mathias12ORCID,Van Lint Johan12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

2. Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Abstract

Oxidative stress is a condition that arises when cells are faced with levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that destabilize the homeostatic redox balance. High levels of ROS can cause damage to macromolecules including DNA, lipids, and proteins, eventually resulting in cell death. Moderate levels of ROS however serve as signaling molecules that can drive and potentiate several cellular phenotypes. Increased levels of ROS are associated with a number of diseases including neurological disorders and cancer. In cancer, increased ROS levels can contribute to cancer cell survival and proliferation via the activation of several signaling pathways. One of the downstream effectors of increased ROS is the protein kinase D (PKD) family of kinases. In this review, we will discuss the regulation and function of this family of ROS-activated kinases and describe their unique isoform-specific features, in terms of both kinase regulation and signaling output.

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Cell Biology,Ageing,General Medicine,Biochemistry

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