Correlation between Serum ApoC III and Galectin-3 Levels and Maternal and Neonatal Adverse Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Abstract

Objective. The correlation between serum ApoC III and galectin-3 levels and adverse maternal and infant outcomes in GDM patients was analyzed. Methods. A total of 97 GDM patients admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to June 2021 were selected and divided into a good group and a poor group according to the pregnancy outcomes, ApoC III in blood of subjects was detected by immunoturbidimetry, and galectin-3 level was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Spearman correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between ApoC III and galectin-3 levels and pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM, and ROC curves were drawn to analyze the value of each index alone and in combination to predict pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM. Results. The levels of ApoC III and galectin-3 in the blood of the patients in the bad group were significantly higher than those in the good group, and the difference was statistically significant (t = 11.231, 14.965, $P<0.05$ ). The levels of ApoC III and galectin-3 in the blood of GDM patients were significantly positively correlated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and there was a statistical significance (r = 0.754 and r = 0.698, $P<0.05$ ). The combined application of ApoC III and galectin-3 levels in GDM patients’ blood to predict the adverse outcome of pregnancy was Log $P=0.623$ , ${}^{\ast }$ ApoC III+0.605 ${}^{\ast }$ galectin-3. The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of combined application of ApoC III and galectin-3 for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients were all greater than 90%, and AUC>0.90. The combined application in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes were higher than those of the individual indicators, and the difference was statistically significant ( $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. The levels of ApoC III and galectin-3 in the blood of GDM patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes were significantly increased, and the detection of ApoC III and galectin-3 could effectively improve the value of predicting adverse pregnancy in GDM.