Analysis of Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Carcinosarcoma of the Breast

Abstract

Background. Few cases of carcinosarcoma of the breast have been reported because of its low incidence rate and rapid progression. Seeking effective therapeutic methods becomes urgent in clinical practice. This study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of carcinosarcoma of the breast and to explore proper therapeutic methods for patients with this rare tumor. Methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis on 47 patients with carcinosarcoma of the breast receiving treatment in our hospital from 2003 to 2020. Most of these patients received primary surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy, while four patients had lumpectomy only. Statistics showed no preference in age and menopausal status of patients. Results. The overall survival rate and progression-free survival rate of all patients at a median follow-up time of 33 months were 63.8% and 57.4%, respectively. Tumor size at diagnosis and chemotherapy strategies were both significant prognostic factors in reference to disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of the patients (tumor size: $p=0.023$ for DFS and $p=0.021$ for OS; therapeutic method: $p=0.041$ for DFS and $p=0.024$ for OS). N stage at diagnosis was significant only with reference to overall survival of the patients ( $p=0.009$ ). EGFR expression was positive in some patients. Conclusions. Our results elucidated that the patients received comprehensive therapy, especially adjuvant chemotherapy was indispensable for better outcomes. Early detection and treatment were necessary for a higher survival rate when the tumor size was less than 5 cm without lymph node metastasis. Prospective outcomes with novel strategies targeting EGFR need to be further investigated.