Predictive Value of Perioperative Cytokine Levels on the Risk for In-Stent Restenosis in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients

Abstract

To investigate the value of perioperative cytokine levels in predicting the risk for in-stent restenosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. 452 patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted to our hospital between June 2018 and June 2020 were prospectively selected as subjects. All patients underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. The baseline data of the patients were collected. Venous blood was taken before, 24 hours, and 3 days after the operation to detect the levels of related cytokines. Follow-up was performed for 1 year. The patients were assigned to restenosis and nonrestenosis groups according to the presence and absence of restenosis. Multivariate logistic analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of the risk for in-stent restenosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction. By July 1, 2021, 449 cases had been followed up. Of them, 44 cases suffered from in-stent restenosis and 405 cases did not affect in-stent restenosis. The incidence of in-stent restenosis was 9.80%. Before, 24 hours, and 3 days after the operation, the lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) level was significantly higher in the restenosis group than that in the nonrestenosis group. At 3 days after the operation, the interleukin 6 (IL-6) level was significantly higher in the restenosis group than that in the nonrestenosis group ( $P$  < 0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis displayed that Lp-PLA2 level preoperatively (OR = 1.048, 95% CI 1.029–1.068), Lp-PLA2 level 24 hours postoperatively (OR = 1.013, 95% CI 1.007–1.019), Lp-PLA2 level 3 days postoperatively (OR = 1.032, 95% CI 1.015–1.048), and IL-6 level 3 days postoperatively (OR = 1.020, 95% CI 1.000–1.040) were risk factors for in-stent restenosis (all $P$  < 0.05). IL-6 and Lp-PLA2 levels can predict the risk for in-stent restenosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction in the perioperative period.