Effect of Massive Transfusion Protocol on Coagulation Function in Elderly Patients with Multiple Injuries

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the effect of massive transfusion protocol on coagulation function in elderly patients with multiple injuries. Methods. In this retrospective cohort study, clinical data were collected from a total of 94 elderly patients with multiple injuries, including 44 cases who received routine transfusion protocol (control group) and 50 cases who concurrently received massive transfusion protocol in our hospital (research group). The changes in platelet parameters, coagulation function, and organ dysfunction scores at admission and 24 h after transfusion were compared between the two groups. The 24-hour plasma and red blood cell transfusion volume, length of stay, complications, and mortality of the two groups were analyzed statistically. Results. Twenty-four hours after blood transfusion, the hematocrit, platelets, and hemoglobin in the research group were higher than those in the control group, while the activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen, and scores of Marshall scoring system and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment were lower than those in the control group ( $P<0.01$ ). The 24-hour plasma transfusion volume was higher, and the length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay and total length of stay were lower in the research group compared with the control group ( $P<0.01$ ). No significant difference was found in the mortality rate between the research group and the control group (10.00% vs. 13.64%, $P>0.05$ ). The incidence of complications in the research group was lower than that in the control group (12.00% vs. 31.82%, $P<0.05$ ). Conclusion. Massive transfusion protocol for elderly patients with multiple injuries can improve their coagulation function and platelet parameters, alleviate organ dysfunction, shorten length of ICU stay, and decrease the incidence of complications, which is conducive to improving the prognosis of patients.