Changes in Proteinuria on the Risk of All-Cause Mortality in People with Diabetes or Prediabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study

Author:

Sun Yang12,Wang Anxin123,Liu Xiaoxue4,Su Zhaoping3,Li Junjuan5,Luo Yanxia12,Chen Shuohua6,Wang Jianli7,Li Xia8,Zhao Zhan910,Zhu Huiping12,Wu Shouling6ORCID,Guo Xiuhua12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

2. Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

3. Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

4. Department of Cardiology, Tangshan People’s Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China

5. Department of Nephrology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China

6. Department of Cardiology, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China

7. Department of Rehabilitation, Kailuan Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China

8. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia

9. State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

10. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

Abstract

Background. Proteinuria has been related to all-cause mortality, showing regression or progression. However, few studies have focused on the relationship between proteinuria changes and all-cause mortality. The main purpose of this paper is to examine the associations between proteinuria changes and all-cause mortality in people with diabetes or prediabetes. Methods. Dipstick proteinuria at baseline and a 2-year follow-up were determined in the participants attending the Kailuan prospective cohort study. Participants were then divided into three categories: elevated proteinuria, stable proteinuria, and reduced proteinuria. Four Cox proportional hazard models were built to access the relations of proteinuria changes to all-cause mortality, adjusting for other confounding covariates. Results. A total of 17,878 participants were finally included in this study. There were 1193 deaths after a median follow-up of 6.69 years. After adjusting for major covariates and proteinuria at baseline, mortality risk was significantly associated with elevated proteinuria (hazard ratio (HR): 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33–1.79) and reduced proteinuria (HR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55–0.89), compared to those with stable proteinuria. Conclusion. Proteinuria changes were independently associated with mortality risk in either diabetic or prediabetic population.

Funder

Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Program of Beijing

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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