Renewable Polysaccharide and Biomedical Application of Nanomaterials

Abstract

Nanotechnology being undoubtedly an uncut gem over the past few years has been in sighting as a new form of branch with its vigorous discoveries which have led to its divergent evolution giving emergence not only in the pathway of knowledge but also developing technological techniques. The constituting nanoparticles and its versatile properties with dynamic structures have made a major breakthrough in the past few years for its role in biotechnology arising nanobiotechnology, antipollution, renewable polymers, and its biomedical applications. Nanostructure composites forming nanomaterials on the basis of its working are pectin, cellulose, lignin, hyaluronic acid, bacterial cellulose, Arabic gum, and bacterial biosurfactants. In the recent years, it is seen that nanocomposites are giving promising results in medical technology incorporating with useful metal nanoparticles such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), diamond nanoparticles, zinc oxide (ZnO), and titanium oxide (TiO). Some useful biomedical applications are in anticancerous, sunscreen, antiageing, and antitumorous. They have shown to be nontoxic at a certain level. Nanoparticle composites have proven with right amount of doping, and experienced techniques have given excellent results. Nanofibers of biodegradable poly(L-lactide) (PLLA)/poly(lactide-co-glycol ide) (PLGA) compounds are used in drug delivery, folate redox-responsive chitosan nanoparticles (FTC-NPs) also as anticancer drug delivery, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles-silver nanoparticles as a tissue growth in vivo processes. The study of a biosynthetic pathway of therapeutic drugs is still much needed. Waste management of renewable nanopolymers are an ultimate goal so that there are less haphazard elements towards the environment.