New Operational Matrix of Integrations and Coupled System of Fredholm Integral Equations

Abstract

We study Legendre polynomials and develop new operational matrix of integration. Based on the operational matrix, we develop a new method to solve a coupled system of Fredholm integral equations of the form U(x)+λ11∫01K11(x,t)U(t)dt+λ12∫01K12(x,t)V(t)dt=f(x), V(x)+λ21∫01K21(x,t)U(t)dt+λ22∫01K22(x,t)V(t)dt=g(x), where λ11, λ12, λ21, and λ22 are real constants and f,g∈C([0,1]). The method reduces the coupled system to a system of easily solvable algebraic equations without discretizing the original system. As an application, we provide examples and numerical simulations demonstrating that the results obtained using the new technique match very well with the exact solutions of the problems. To show the efficiency of the method, we compare our results with some of the results already studied with other available methods in the literature.