Dynamic Sign Guidance Optimization for Crowd Evacuation considering Flow Equilibrium

Author:

Li Minghua12ORCID,Xu Chengyong2,Xu Yan3ORCID,Ma Li4,Wei Yun5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Traffic and Transportation, Beijing JiaoTong University, Beijing 100044, China

2. Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co., Limited, Beijing 100037, China

3. College of Metropolitan Transportation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

4. China Academy of Civil Aviation Science and Technology, Beijing 100028, China

5. Beijing Key Lab of Subway Operation Safety & Security Technology, Beijing 100037, China

Abstract

The dynamic exit sign has been verified as an effective means to guide the pedestrian during evacuation. The most critical mechanism with dynamic exit sign guidance is to balance the pedestrian flow on each exit route by optimizing the direction of signs. This paper formulates a bi-level programming model for the direction optimization problem of dynamic signs in buildings. In the bi-level program, the upper-level model is a system optimal model, aiming to minimize the total travel time by optimizing the dynamic sign direction. The lower-level model is a pedestrian assignment model satisfying the dynamic user optimal principle that describes the evacuee exit/route choice behaviour to achieve a balanced pedestrian distribution on the route. A method based on the fundamental diagram, the cell transmission model, and the point-queuing theory is developed to estimate evacuation travel time considering congestion and queuing. A heuristic algorithm is extended to solve the bi-level program. Finally, the proposed methodology is validated with numerical examples. Results reveal that the proposed model can produce the optimal dynamic sign direction, significantly improving the evacuation efficiency.

Funder

National Basic Research Program of China

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Strategy and Management,Computer Science Applications,Mechanical Engineering,Economics and Econometrics,Automotive Engineering

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