Coxiella burnetiiDetected in Tick Samples from Pastoral Communities in Kenya

Abstract

Ticks are important disease vectors in Kenya with documented evidence of carriage of zoonotic pathogens.Coxiella burnetiiis an important tick-borne pathogen that is underreported in Kenya and yet this infection likely contributes to undiagnosed febrile disease in pastoral communities. Archived human blood (278) and tick pool samples (380) collected from five pastoral communities in Kenya were screened forC. burnetiiby PCR using primers targeting the transposon-like IS1111 region. All the human blood samples were negative forC. burnetiiDNA. However,C. burnetiiwas detected in 5.53% (21/380) of the tick pools tested. Four of the twenty-one PCR positive samples were sequenced. The findings indicate thatCoxiella burnetiiwas not present in the human blood samples tested. However,C. burnetiiwas detected in ticks from Mai Mahiu, Marigat, Ijara, Isiolo, and Garissa indicating a natural infection present in the tick vector that poses a risk to livestock and humans in these communities.