Association of PPARγ2(Pro12Ala) and Neuropeptide Y (Leu7Pro) Gene Polymorphisms with Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Obese Asian Indians

Abstract

Background:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent in 7.5% in urban Asian Indians.Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma2 (PPARγ2)has been implicated in adipocyte differentiation.Neuropeptide Y (NPY)is also considered as a candidate gene for excess body fat accumulation. The association ofPPARγ2 (Pro12Ala)andNPY (Leu7Pro)gene polymorphisms with OSA has not been studied in Asian Indians.Objective:To study the distribution ofPPARγ2 (Pro12Ala)andNPY (Leu7Pro)polymorphism in Asian Indians with and without OSA.Methods and results:This study was carried out in 252 obese subjects [(body mass index (BMI > 25 kg/m2)]; 142 with OSA and 110 without OSA. Measurements included anthropometric and biochemical parameters (fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, various circumferences and skin-fold thicknesses).PPARγ2 (Pro12Ala) and NPY (Leu7Pro) genepolymorphisms were studied in all subjects. The frequency of the variantallele (Ala12) of PPARγ2 genewas significantly higher in subjects with OSA (14.4%) when compared with subjects without OSA (5.5%; χ2= 9.7;p= 0.001). The distribution of the variantallele (Pro7)ofNPY genewas comparable in subjects with OSA (3.5%) and without OSA (3.6%; χ2= 0.001,p= 0.94).Conclusion:This study reveals a significantly higher frequency ofPPARγ2 (Ala12) allelein obese Asian Indians with OSA when compared to obese Asian Indians without OSA.