Neonatal Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia Presenting with Leukemia Cutis and Multiple Intracranial Lesions Successfully Treated with Unrelated Cord Blood Transplantation

Author:

Tsujimoto Hiroshi1,Kounami Shinji1,Mitani Yasuyuki2,Watanabe Takashi2,Takifuji Katsunari2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, Japan

2. Department of Second Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, Japan

Abstract

Neonatal acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) without Down syndrome (DS) is an extremely rare disorder. We report of a one-day-old male infant without DS who developed AMKL with leukemia cutis and right facial nerve palsy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the patient’s brain revealed multiple intracranial tumors. A biopsy specimen of the skin lesion was suggestive of AMKL, but the bone marrow leukemic cells were less than 5% of the marrow nucleated cells. The skin and intracranial lesions had spontaneously regressed within one and a half months, but the patient’s anemia and thrombocytopenia gradually worsened and the leukemic cells in the bone marrow gradually increased to more than 20% of the nucleated cells. In addition, multiple intracranial lesions reappeared at 72 days of life. We diagnosed the patient with AMKL, and chemotherapy followed by unrelated cord blood transplantation after a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen resulted in sustained complete remission. At present, the patient is well, and he has demonstrated normal development for five years.

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Cell Biology,Developmental Biology,Embryology,Anatomy

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