Targeting Costimulatory Molecules to Improve Antitumor Immunity

Author:

Capece Daria1,Verzella Daniela1,Fischietti Mariafausta1,Zazzeroni Francesca1,Alesse Edoardo1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Experimental Medicine, University of L’Aquila, Via Vetoio 10, Coppito II, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy

Abstract

The full activation of T cells necessitates the concomitant activation of two signals, the engagement of T-cell receptor by peptide/major histocompatibility complex II and an additional signal delivered by costimulatory molecules. The best characterized costimulatory molecules belong to B7/CD28 and TNF/TNFR families and play crucial roles in the modulation of immune response and improvement of antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, tumors often generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment, where T-cell response is attenuated by the lack of costimulatory molecules on the surface of cancer cells. Thus, targeting costimulatory pathways represent an attractive therapeutic strategy to enhance the antitumor immunity in several human cancers. Here, latest therapeutic approaches targeting costimulatory molecules will be described.

Funder

MIUR PRIN

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Genetics,Molecular Biology,Molecular Medicine,General Medicine,Biotechnology

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