Cecal Patches Generate Abundant IgG2b-Bearing B Cells That Are Reactive to Commensal Microbiota

Author:

Tsuda Masato1ORCID,Okada Hiraku1,Kojima Natsuki1,Ishihama Fumiya1,Muraki Yuhei1,Oguma Toshiki1,Hattori Nanako1,Mizoguchi Takumi1,Mori Kiyoaki1,Hachimura Satoshi2,Takahashi Yoshimasa3ORCID,Takahashi Kyoko14,Kaminogawa Shuichi1,Hosono Akira1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Food Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan

2. Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan

3. Research Center for Drug and Vaccine Development, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan

4. Department of Applied Biological Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 252-0880, Japan

Abstract

Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), such as Peyer’s patches (PPs), are key inductive sites that generate IgA+ B cells, mainly through germinal center (GC) responses. The generation of IgA+ B cells is promoted by the presence of gut microbiota and dietary antigens. However, the function of GALT in the large intestine, such as cecal patches (CePs) and colonic patches (CoPs), and their regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that the CePs possess more IgG2b+ B cells and have fewer IgA+ B cells than those in PPs from BALB/c mice with normal gut microbiota. Gene expression analysis of postswitched transcripts supported the differential expression of dominant antibody isotypes in B cells in GALT. Germ-free (GF) mice showed diminished GC B cells and had few IgA+ or IgG2b+ switched B cells in both the small and large intestinal GALT. In contrast, myeloid differentiation factor 88- (MyD88-) deficient mice exhibited decreased GC B cells and presented with reduced numbers of IgG2b+ B cells in CePs but not in PPs. Using ex vivo cell culture, we showed that CePs have a greater capacity to produce total and microbiota-reactive IgG2b, in addition to microbiota-reactive IgA, than the PPs. In line with the frequency of GC B cells and IgG2b+ B cells in CePs, there was a decrease in the levels of microbiota-reactive IgG2b and IgA in the serum of GF and MyD88-deficient mice. These data suggest that CePs have a different antibody production profile compared to PPs. Furthermore, the innate immune signals derived from gut microbiota are crucial for generating the IgG2b antibodies in CePs.

Funder

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Publisher

Hindawi Limited

Subject

Immunology,General Medicine,Immunology and Allergy

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