1. Department of Anorectal, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110005, Liaoning, China
2. Department of Anorectal Surgery, Beijing Mayinglong Changqing Anorectal Hospital, Beijing 100195, China
3. Anorectal Department, Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650011, Yunnan, China